The Value of Brownfield Sites

Nationally brownfield sites are far from "barren." Because they offer resources that are increasingly rare in the intensively managed countryside, they have become vital refuges for a wide array of specialised species.

1. The Pioneer Plants

The first residents to arrive are early-successional species—plants that thrive in the raw, early stages of ecological growth.

• Ephemeral & Short Perennials: On thin "skeletal" soils, you'll find low-growing survivors like Colt’s-foot, Oxeye Daisy, Black Medick, and Clover.

• Ruderal Herbs: In areas with slightly more soil, taller plants like Rosebay Willowherb and Common Nettle take over.

• Surprising Guests: These sites can even host rare Bee Orchids or Fragrant Orchids, as well as "weeds of cultivation" like Scarlet Pimpernel and Speedwell.

2. Invertebrate Innovations

Brownfield sites can be as rich in insect life as ancient woodlands.

• Basking Spots: Bare ground, rubble, and concrete provide essential warmth for basking and burrowing.

• Rare Species: You may find specialised residents like the Shrill Carder Bee, Jumping Spiders, and various Weaver Wasps.

• Nectar Buffets: Flowering verges and non-native plants provide abundant nectar sources when other habitats are out of bloom.

3. Reptiles and Amphibians

The unique "heat-trap" nature of brownfields makes them ideal for cold-blooded locals.

• Reptiles: Rubble and warm ground are perfect for Slow-worms, Common Lizards, Grass Snakes, and Adders.

• Amphibians: Temporary pools or inundated areas created by uneven ground support Newts and Common Frogs.

4. Birds and Mammals

Brownfields provide both structural "cliffs" (buildings) and rich foraging grounds.

• Specialised Birds: The Little Ringed Plover is often found near flooded quarries, while Green Woodpeckers and Kestrels hunt across urban brownfield sites.

• Mammals: Scrubby edges provide shelter for Hedgehogs, while grassy patches support small mammals that, in turn, attract hunting Bats and Dormice.